Science – Age 9 (Elementary School)
Grade Equivalents
| 🇺🇸 United States | Grade 4 |
| 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | Year 4 |
| 🇮🇳 India | Class 4 |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Primary 4 |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Grade 4 |
| 🇦🇺 Australia | Year 4 |
| 🇨🇦 Canada | Grade 4 |
About This Textbook
This textbook is designed to meet the full scope-and-sequence expectations of a fourth-grade science course that deepens students’ use of evidence, models, and simple data analysis. Organized into clear chapters with visuals, vocabulary, and checks for understanding, the program builds cause-and-effect reasoning and connects concepts across systems, preparing learners for more quantitative study in later grades.
Table of Contents
Physical Science (Types of Energy — Characteristics of Sound — Forms and Changes of Energy — Transfer of Thermal Energy — Energy Resources — Moving Air and Water as Energy Sources — Reflection of Light — Refraction of Light — Static Electric Charge — Electric Current — Electric Circuits — Speed) — Earth Science (Introduction to Earth’s Surface — Theory of Plate Tectonics — Relative Ages of Rocks — Fossils — Weathering — Erosion and Deposition by Glaciers — Erosion and Deposition by Wind — Erosion and Deposition by Gravity — Erosion and Deposition by Waves — Erosion and Deposition by Flowing Water — Ocean Movements and Waves) — Life Science (Learned Behavior of Animals — Nervous System — The Respiratory System — The Cardiovascular System — The Digestive System — The Skin — The Skeletal System — Introduction to Plants — Plant Reproduction — Seasonal Changes in Plants — Habitat Destruction